Selected Ground Control References

KEY: PD=Pillar Design, MS=Multiple Seam, E=Empirical Methods, LW=Longwall, PR=Pillar Retreat

LW Mark C (1990). Pillar Design Methods for Longwall Mining. USBM IC 9247, 53 pp. 1990_Mark

LW Mark C, Chase F (1993). Gate Entry Design for Longwalls Using the Coal Mine Roof Rating. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, WV, pp. 78-91. 1993_Mark_Chase

PD Chase FE, Zipf Jr RK, Mark C (1994). The Massive Collapse of Coal Pillars – Case Histories from the United States. Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Ground Control in Mining, pp. 69-80. 1994_Chase_Zipf_Mark

PD Mark C, Chase FE, Zipf Jr RK (1997). Preventing Massive Pillar Collapses in Coal Mines. Proceedings of the NIOSH Technology Transfer Seminar: New Technology for Ground Control in Retreat Mining, NIOSH IC 9446, pp. 35-48. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/UserFiles/works/pdfs/ic9446.pdf

PD Mark C, Chase FE (1997). Analysis of Retreat Mining Pillar Stability. Proceedings of the NIOSH Technology Transfer Seminar: New Technology for Ground Control in Retreat Mining, NIOSH IC 9446, pp. 17-34. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/UserFiles/works/pdfs/ic9446.pdf

PD Mark C, Barton TM (1997). Pillar Design and Coal Strength. Proceedings of the NIOSH Technology Transfer Seminar: New Technology for Ground Control in Retreat Mining, NIOSH IC 9446, pp. 49-59. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/UserFiles/works/pdfs/ic9446.pdf

PD Mark C, Barton TM (1996). The Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Coal: Should it be Used to Design Pillars? Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Control, Golden, CO., pp. 61-78. 1996_Mark_Barton

PR Mark C, Zelanko JC (2001). Sizing of Final Stumps for Safer Pillar Extraction. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, WV, pp. 59-66. 2001_Mark_Zelanko

PR Chase FE, Mark C, Heasley KA (2002). Deep Cover Pillar Extraction in the US. Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, WV, pp. 68-80. 2002_Chase_Mark_Heasley

PR Mark C, Chase FE, Pappas DM (2003). Reducing the risk of ground falls during pillar recovery. SME Transactions, vol 314, pp. 153-160 (formerly SME Preprint 03-137). 2003_Mark_Chase_Pappas

PD Mark, C (2006). The Evolution of Intelligent Coal Pillar Design: 1981-2006. Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining. Morgantown, WV, pp. 325-334. 2006_Mark

MS Mark C (2007). Multiple Seam Longwall Mining in the US—Lessons for Ground Control. Proceedings of the Workshop on New Technology for Ground Control in Multiple Seam Mining, NIOSH IC 9495, pp. 45-53. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/UserFiles/works/pdfs/2007-110.pdf

MS Mark C (2007). Multiple Seam Mining in the US—Background. Proceedings of the Workshop on New Technology for Ground Control in Multiple Seam Mining, NIOSH IC 9495, pp. 3-14. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/UserFiles/works/pdfs/2007-110.pdf

MS Mark C, Chase FC, Pappas D (2007). Analysis of Multiple Seam Stability. Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, WV, pp. 1-18. 2007_Mark_Chase_Pappas

PR Mark C (2009). Deep cover coal pillar recovery in the US. Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, WV, pp. 1-10. 2009_Mark

PR Iannacchione AT, Mark C (2009). Major hazard risk assessment applied to pillar recovery operations. Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, WV, pp. 261-270. 2009_Iannacchione_Mark

PR NIOSH (2010). Research Report on Coal Pillar Recovery Under Deep Cover. Report prepared in response to the FY 2008 Appropriation (Public Law 110-161); 79 pp. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/UserFiles/works/pdfs/Report_on_Coal_Pillar_Recovery_under_Deep_Cover_02-10.pdf

PD Mark C (2010). Pillar Design for Deep Cover Retreat Mining: ARMPS version 6 (2010). Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Coal Pillar Mechanics and Design, Mark, C. and Esterhuizen, GS, eds., Morgantown, WV, pp. 106-121.

PD Tulu I, Heasley KA, Mark C (2010). A Comparison of the Overburden Loading in ARMPS and LaModel. Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, WV, pp. 28-37. 2010_Tulu_Heasley_Mark

PD Mark C, Gauna M, Cybulski JA, Karabin GJ (2011). “Applications of ARMPS (version 6) to practical pillar design. Problems.” Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, WV, pp. 30-38. 2011_Mark_Gauna_Cybulski_Karabin

MS Mark C, Barker L (2012). Large Scale Ground Instability Caused by Failure of Underlying Pillars: A Case History of Dynamic Multiple Seam Interaction. Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, WV, 4 pp. 2012_Mark_Barker

E Mark C (2015). The Science of Empirical Design in Mining Rock Mechanics. Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, WV., pp. 225-237. 2015_Mark

PR Mark C, Gauna M (2016). Preventing Roof Fall Fatalities during Pillar Recovery: A Ground Control Success Story. Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, WV, pp. 146-154. 2016_Mark_Gauna

MS Gauna M, Mark C (2016). Unanticipated Multiple Seam Stresses from Pillar Systems Behaving as a Pseudo Gob – Case Histories. Proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, WV, pp. 10-17. 2016_Gauna_Mark

PD Mark C, Agioutantis Z (2019). Analysis of Coal Pillar Stability (ACPS): A New Generation of Pillar Design Software. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 29 (2019) 87–91, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmst.2018.11.007.

MS Mark C (2021). An updated empirical model for ground control in U.S. multiseam coal mines. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 31 (2021) 163–174, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmst.2020.12.024.

E Mark C, Stephan RC, Agioutantis Z (2020). Analysis of Mine Roof Support (AMRS) for US Coal Mines. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, (2020) 37:1899–1910. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-020-00301-x.